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Captivity Myths: The arrests took place on Ash Wednesday, February 24 (sic)
Ash Wednesday ushers in Lent which commemorates the period during which Christ lived in the desert fasting and meditating before his...
alan machado
Mar 173 min read
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Captivity Myths: Loan of Rs 330,000
Kanara Christians are alleged to have loaned Rs 330,000 to Mathews, presumably in Mangalore. This charge appears as a footnote in a...
alan machado
Mar 176 min read
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Captivity Myths: Francis Pinto
On May 4, 1783, Campbell wrote: “There are a number of Native Christians here who had been formerly attached to the Artillery, 34 of them...
alan machado
Mar 163 min read
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The Chelas: the Institution
Muslim communities the world over adopted a unique and ancient practice by which slave children were separated from their families at a...
Alan Machado
Mar 154 min read
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The Chelas- Trainers
With the aim of disciplining his chelas in the European style of warfare, Haidar recruited, forcibly and otherwise, English soldiers and...
Alan Machado
Mar 145 min read
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The Chelas: the asad-i-ilahi
On June 30, 1782, about 300 English sailors, prisoners of the French Admiral Suffren, were offloaded into Haidar’s custody at Cuddulore....
Alan Machado
Mar 133 min read
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The Chelas: lashkar-i-ahmadi
Following Tipu’s return from Mangalore sometime in mid-1784, Scurry was transferred to the newly formed lashkar-i-ahmadi composed of...
Alan Machado
Mar 123 min read
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The Captivity: Summary
In March 1784, Christians all over Tipu Sultan’s saltanat-i-khudadad (God-given-kingdom) were arrested and deported to Srirangapatna....
Alan Machado
Jan 311 min read
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The Barkur Manuscript
The Barkur Manuscript is an old account of the Captivity narrated by a captive who survived or escaped from exile. The copy reproduced...
Alan Machado
Jan 301 min read
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![The Barkur Manuscript[1]Â](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
The Barkur Manuscript[1]Â
In a certain year, on the 30th of Mai (a Tulu month corresponding to February-March) 1784, in one and the same night all the Christians...
Alan Machado
Jan 298 min read
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![Analysing the Barkur Manuscript[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
Analysing the Barkur Manuscript[1]
Subtle details suggest that the author was a captive who served in the lashkar-i-ahmadi , and escaped circa 1789 during Tipu’s Malabar...
Alan Machado
Jan 284 min read
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![Estimates of Captive Numbers[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_306,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
Estimates of Captive Numbers[1]
Barkur Manuscript 80,000              Moore 1905: 41 Ravenshaw              80,000              Silva 1958: 223 Pe Jose Mendes       ...
Alan Machado
Jan 273 min read
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![Escaping the Captivity[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
Escaping the Captivity[1]
Tipu’s operation was so sudden, swift, and comprehensive that the captives were caught totally off guard. Desperation, ingenuity, and...
Alan Machado
Jan 272 min read
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Bill of Sale
Ravenshaw, the Collector of South Kanara, appended a number of orders passed by Tipu’s amildars  auctioning properties confiscated from...
Alan Machado
Jan 263 min read
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Tipu’s Reason for Deporting the Kanara Christians
The most obvious person who could provide an answer as to why the Captivity was ordered would be the one who ordered it: Tipu Sultan....
Alan Machado
Jan 253 min read
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![Pe Joachim Miranda’s Summary Report for the Year 1783[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
Pe Joachim Miranda’s Summary Report for the Year 1783[1]
In December 1783, General Mathews, landing at Mirjan, captured Kanara’s coast from Karwar to Kundapur, Nagar above the ghat, and finally...
Alan Machado
Jan 245 min read
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![Pe Juse Mingel Mendez’s petition to Buchanan, January 18, 1801[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
Pe Juse Mingel Mendez’s petition to Buchanan, January 18, 1801[1]
That it is about 150 years since the Roman Catholic religion is established in this province. Your petitioner’s forefathers were formerly...
Alan Machado
Jan 222 min read
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![Extracts of Ravenshaw’s Report to the Board, July 19, 1801[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_d19c30107bbe4040b403bdc46dd9e6d6~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_306,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_d19c30107bbe4040b403bdc46dd9e6d6~mv2.webp)
Extracts of Ravenshaw’s Report to the Board, July 19, 1801[1]
The first two paragraphs concern Pe Mendez’s memorial to Buchanan in which he had forged the signatures of the petitioners. The next...
Alan Machado
Jan 215 min read
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![1818 Church parish census[1]](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.jpeg/v1/fill/w_307,h_173,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_avif,quality_auto/ecabf6_51b707076bce4b6e8bea9061ee121766~mv2.webp)
1818 Church parish census[1]
Men Boys Women Girls Total MANGALORE/ BANTWAL Rosario, Mangalore 650 424 807 361 2242 Milagres, Mangalore 500 267 444 257 1468 Omzur 344...
Alan Machado
Jan 201 min read
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